Fifth disease is a mild childhood illness that causes a rash. It is called "fifth disease" because it was the fifth of a group of similar rash illnesses to be described. Fifth disease is caused by the parvovirus and most cases occur in late winter or early spring. Fifth disease is so common in children that over 60% of adults in Massachusetts are immune because they have already have the disease.
Children with Fifth disease are diagnosed by their symptoms, especially the rash on their cheeks that is often referred to as the "slapped cheek" rash and this is sometimes followed by the appearance of a "lacy" rash on their arms and legs. They are no longer contagious to others by the time the rash develops and this makes prevention difficult.
The virus lives in the nose and throat and is sprayed into the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes or talks. Therefore, proper handwashing and careful disposal of tissues used to wipe noses can help prevent the spread of disease. Recent research suggests the risk of problems during pregnancy are extremely low but all pregnant women who are in close contact with a child who has been diagnosed with Fifth disease should consult with their doctor. If you have any further questions or concerns please feel free to contact me.
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